India is World’s 2nd largest emitter of Nitrous Oxide

1. The alarming rise in nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, poses a significant threat to global climate goals and the ozone layer.

• Nitrous oxide potent greenhouse gas with 300 times the heat-trapping capacity of carbon dioxide,

2. A recent study by the Global Carbon Project (GCP) reveals that human-induced N2O emissions have surged by 40% between 1980 and 2020, primarily driven by agricultural practices such as the use of chemical fertilizers and animal manure.

Key Findings:

1. Global N2O emissions: Increased by 40% (3 million metric tons per year) from 1980 to 2020.

2. Top emitters: China (16.7%), India (10.9%), US (5.7%), Brazil (5.3%), and Russia (4.6%).

3. India's position: Second-largest emitter globally, but with the lowest per capita emission.

4. Atmospheric N2O concentration: Reached 336 parts per billion in 2022, exceeding pre-industrial levels by 25%.

Sources of N2O Emissions:

1. Natural: Oceans, inland waters, and soil contribute 11.8%.

2. Anthropogenic (Human-Induced): Agriculture accounts for 74%, primarily due to fertilizers and animal waste. Other sources include industrial processes, combustion, and waste management.

Implications of Rising N2O Emissions:

1. Intensified global warming: N2O's high heat-trapping potential exacerbates climate change.

2. Ozone layer depletion: N2O releases nitrogen oxides in the stratosphere, damaging the protective ozone layer.

3. Food security concerns: Increased food demand may lead to further N2O emissions, creating a conflict between food security and climate goals.

4. Challenge to Paris Agreement: Rising N2O levels hinder the achievement of global warming targets.

India's Specific Concerns

1. India's 2^nd -place ranking in N2O emissions, primarily from fertilizers, raises alarm.
2. Heavily subsidized fertilizers in India exacerbate the problem, polluting water bodies and contributing to climate change.
3. A shift towards sustainable agricultural practices and repurposing fertilizer subsidies are crucial for India.

Proposed Solutions

1. Innovative agricultural practices: Precision agriculture, nitrification inhibitors, cover cropping.
2. Effective policy measures: Emission trading schemes, targeted subsidies, research and development.
3. Addressing emissions from other sources: Stricter regulations on industrial processes, optimizing combustion, and improving waste management.

The Way Forward

Addressing the N2O challenge requires a multi-faceted approach. Transitioning to sustainable agricultural practices, implementing effective policy measures, and investing in research and development are crucial steps. India, as a major contributor to N2O emissions, must prioritize these solutions to mitigate its impact on climate change and achieve a more sustainable future.

 

Must Check: Best IAS Coaching In Delhi

UPSC Prelims Result 2024 Out: Expected Cut Off & Other Details, UPSC Prelims 2024 Answer with Explanation, Daily Prelims Quiz, Daily Current Affairs, MONTHLY CURRENT AFFAIRS TOTAL (CAT) MAGAZINE, Best IAS Coaching Institute in Karol Bagh, Best IAS Coaching Institute in Delhi, Daily Mains Question Answer Practice, ENSURE IAS UPSC Toppers, UPSC Toppers Marksheet, Previous Year Interview Questions, UPSC Syllabus