75 YEARS OF UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS

1. 10 December 2023 marks the 75th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR).
2. Theme for 2023 is "Freedom, Equality, and Justice for All.

• UDHR was approved by the U.N. General Assembly (UNGA) on December 10, 1948.

Key features of UDHR

1. Says that everyone deserves respect and fairness for a peaceful world.
2. Believes human rights are for everyone, no matter where they live or who they are.
3. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) is important and is part of the International Bill of Human Rights like International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR).
4. It lists 30 important rights, which includes civil and political rights, economic and social rights etc.
5. It is not legally binding meaning it is just a guideline and people are not legally required to follow it.

Some examples of Human Right Principles in the Indian Constitution:

1. Fundamental Rights, found in Part III (Article 14 to 32), ensure equality for all citizens.
2. Articles 14 to 18 guarantee the right to equality.
3. Article 19 protects freedom of speech, while Article 21 ensures the right to life and liberty.
4. If human rights are violated, citizens can seek help from the Supreme Court (Article 32) or High Courts (Article 226).
5. Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP), in Articles 36 to 51, guide the government on principles for a just society.

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