S-400 Missile and Project Kusha

Why in News?

The Indian Air Force (IAF) has deployed three S-400 Triumf air defence missile squadrons along its borders with China and Pakistan to enhance its defense capabilities.

• The Indian Defence Acquisition Council has approved the procurement of the Indian Long Range Surface Air Missile (LRSAM) system under Project Kusha.

S-400 Triumf Missiles System

1. About:

• S-400 Triumf is a Russian mobile SAM system capable of intercepting and destroying various aerial targets including aircraft, drones, cruise missiles, and ballistic missiles.
• S-400 missile, equipped with four types of missiles, can reach a range of up to 400 km and engage up to 36 targets simultaneously.
• MLR SAM is considered the most dangerous operationally deployed modern long-range SAM globally, surpassing the US-developed Terminal High Altitude Area Defense system (THAAD).

2. Importance for India:

• India plans to acquire S-400 missiles to enhance its air defense capabilities and deter China and Pakistan, both of which are modernizing and expanding their air forces and missile arsenals.
• India faces a dual threat from China and Pakistan, both of whom have been involved in numerous border disputes and conflicts with India over the years.
• India's acquisition is crucial to counter China's increasing influence in the Indian Ocean Region, where China is constructing ports, bases, and infrastructure projects.
• India aims to maintain its strategic autonomy and diversify its defense partners amid the uncertainty and volatility of the global order.

Project Kusha

1. India's Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) is leading the ambitious Project Kusha, aiming to develop its long-range air defence system by 2028-29.
2. Long-range air defence systems will detect and destroy enemy projectiles and armor, including cruise missiles, stealth fighter jets, and drones at a long range.
3. The system will feature three interceptor missile types with ranges of 150 km, 250 km, and 350 km, along with advanced long-range surveillance and fire control radars.
4. Project Kusha is anticipated to surpass the effectiveness of Russia's S-400 system and Israel's Iron Dome system.

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