1. Scientists have identified a small molecule named PZL-A that targets a crucial mitochondrial enzyme.
2. This discovery offers hope for treating rare inherited disorders caused by mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA).

What is Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)?

1. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a small, circular chromosome found inside the mitochondria, the cell's energy-generating organelles.
2. Unlike nuclear DNA, mtDNA is located outside the cell nucleus, within the mitochondria.

What Makes mtDNA Unique?

1. Mitochondria are the only organelles in human cells that carry their own genetic material, separate from nuclear DNA.
2. mtDNA is maternally inherited, meaning it is passed down only through the mother and not from the father.

How is mtDNA-related Disease Treated?

1. Mitochondrial Replacement Therapy (MRT) is used to replace faulty mtDNA with healthy versions.
2. MRT can be performed either before or after the process of in vitro fertilization (IVF).
3. This method helps prevent the transmission of mitochondrial diseases to the next generation.

 

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